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How are payments allocated within an account?

An agreement can describe how received money is applied to charges, interest and principal.

This matters when a payment differs from the scheduled amount or arrears exist.

Ask for a breakdown if the balance does not change as expected. The full payment appearing in the account is not evidence that the same amount reduced principal.

Read the borrowing-cost checklist

Definitions

Total repayable
Sum payable under the stated schedule and its assumptions; contingent charges and changes must be considered separately.
Amount received
Money actually made available to the borrower, which can differ from the stated loan amount if a charge is deducted.

Sources